The National Movement for Liberation of Azawad (MNLA)in Mali and the creation of the state

Abstract

Three concerted factors affected negatively the state of Mali both politically and security They played an important role in the state of political instability and the integration there: colonial legacy , weakness and fragility of the state , and the control of tribalism . The movement of Azawad has get benefit from these factors in its confrontation with the central government. However , the direct reasons that led to the declaration of the state of Azawad represented , in addition to what have been mentioned above , in changing the Libyan political regime . It was a major reason behind escalating the claims of the movement to the extent of calling for secession and declaring the independence . Supplying with human of Tuaregs to the north of Mali, the movement has been empowered clearly . The military coup in Mali coincided with the fall of Gaddafi. This situation negatively a ffected the state of Mali in its dealing with the claims of the National Movement of Azawad.The latter got benefit from the instability, weakness of the state and the armed organizations spread across the African coast that empowered it. Although the elimination of the nascent state by the French intervention, the question has not been solved yet. It will remain raised from time to time according to regional and International circumstances. The maldistribution of power would keep the problem. If there are no serious measures to settle it, the instability will remain the major feature of the state in Mali and threaten its existence.