Change and Reform in the Arab World: A research in the Causes of the Phenomena

Abstract

Before the end of the cold war in 1991, the formula that have constructed the continuity of the Arab regimes, was based on a mutual understanding close to a historical deal among these regimes and the international powers, especially the Soviet Union and the United States. This made change in the political situation almost impossible which led to the theory of the acceptance of reality as it is. Political change in the Arab world was not internationally desirable at that period because the Arab region was one of the most important battlefields of the cold war which required that the regions of power should remain without change. This explains the abortion of all the attempts of change made by national political parties. After the end of the cold war, the Arab regimes were subject for change as a result of the end of that historical deal which gave these regimes their legitimacy and sufficiency and which have ended as a result their function. This made these regimes and for the first time face to face with a real danger coming from internal as well as external factors. Hence, change becomes inevitable